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Abstract

The studyexamine the long-run relationship between crude oil consumption, real oil price, and real GDP using a quarterly time series from 1993 to 2020. the empiricalanalysisuses the DynamicLeast Squares (DOLS) model for both short-run and long-run elasticity among the model variables to estimate theshort-run and long-run elasticity of demand for crude oil consumption in 10 regions using Panel Dynamic Least Squares (DOLS) and Pooled Mean Group-AR Distributed Lag Models (PMG/ARDL). The empirical analysis findingsconfirmethat the demand for crude oil internationally is highly insensitive to changes in price and real GDP

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