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Abstract

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are the most important networks for things such as monitoring natural phenomena, agriculture, health care, and so on. There are several challenges associated with using WSNs,the most important of which areenergy consumption, expansion issues, or even datarouting issues.There are many techniques and algorithms that can address these challengesand make it easier to useWSNs. These techniques and algorithms vary depending on the challenge to be overcome. In this study, Software Defined Network (SDN) technology was used for the purpose of improving WSNs and saving energy for nodes in those networks. TheAnt Colony Optimization (ACO) algorithm, which is an algorithm that follows ants’ foraging method, was also used.This algorithm was used to find theshortest data path from the starting node to the target node. The results of the proposed system wasa significant improvement in the performance of WSNs. The system savedenergy, removeddead nodes, and foundbetter and shorter pathsto reach the target nodes. The proposed approach wasversatileand adaptable, making it suitable for various WSN applications and deployment scenarios. The results of the proposed system led toenergy savings of up to 0.891 mj and only35 nodes compared to traditional methods, which can have up to74dead nodes

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